Medical Library

A chronic increase in physical activity inhibits fed-state mTOR/S6K1 signaling and reduces IRS-1 serine phosphorylation in rat skeletal muscle.
A chronic increase in physical activity and (or) endurance training can improve insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle. Cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of insulin resistance are unclear, though one proposed mechanism is […]

Increase in depression symptoms with weight loss: association with glucose homeostasis and thyroid function.
The purpose of this study was to assess the potential impact of weight loss up to a state of plateau on symptoms of depression. Eleven obese men (mean body mass index (BMI) = 33.4 kg.m-2, mean age = 38 […]

Adjustment for gas exchange threshold enhances precision of heart rate-derived VO2 estimates during heavy exercise.
Overestimates of oxygen uptake (VO2) are derived from the heart rate reserve - VO2 reserve (HRR-VO2R) model. We tested the hypothesis that adjusting for differences above and below gas exchange threshold (HRR-GET model) would tighten the precision of […]

AMPK inactivation in mononuclear cells: a potential intracellular mechanism for exercise-induced immunosuppression.
There is much evidence that prolonged intense exercise suppresses the immune system. However, the intracellular biochemical mechanisms linking exercise and immunosuppression remain obscure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that exercise-induced inactivation of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) […]

Impact of metformin on peak aerobic capacity.
Individually, exercise and the drug metformin have been shown to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes. Metformin mildly inhibits complex I of the electron transport system and may impact aerobic capacity in people exercising while taking metformin. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the […]

Effect of dietary protein content during recovery from high-intensity cycling on subsequent performance and markers of stress, inflammation, and muscle damage in well-trained men.
Nutrition is an important aspect of recuperation for athletes during multi-day competition or hard training. Post-exercise carbohydrate is likely to improve recovery, but the effect of protein is equivocal. […]

Reliability of electromyographic and force measures during prone isometric back extension in subjects with and without low back pain.
Maximal voluntary isometric activations (MVIA) are frequently used as inputs for models attempting to predict muscle force and as normalization values in studies assessing muscle function. However, pain may adversely affect maximal muscle activation. […]

Central venous thrombosis in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition.
Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) is administered to patients who are unable to use their gastrointestinal tract to absorb sufficient nutrients and water to maintain their nutritional status. Patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition are at risk of numerous complications including thrombosis of the central venous […]

Alcohol consumption: the good, the bad, and the indifferent.
Dietary ethanol (alcohol) is the most widely consumed drug worldwide. High levels of mortality, morbidity, and social malaise are associated with abuse of alcohol, and increasing numbers of women and youth are abusing alcohol. However, strong epidemiological data demonstrate a U- or J-shaped relationship […]

Antioxidant supplemention in the treatment of skeletal muscle insulin resistance: potential mechanisms and clinical relevance.
The incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically over the past several decades and this trend is projected to continue into the foreseeable future. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is thought to be a key development in the […]